What is RRCConnectionResumeComplete-r13 in LTE?

It is the uplink LTE RRC message the UE sends to confirm that the resume branch completed successfully.

What should I inspect first in RRCConnectionResumeComplete-r13?

Start with the transaction identifier, the earlier RRCConnectionResume-r13 message, and whether later resumed behavior is stable.

What does it mean if RRCConnectionResumeComplete-r13 is missing?

It is a strong clue that the resume branch did not finish cleanly.

Does this message guarantee that later service will work?

No. It confirms formal resume completion, but later service or signaling can still fail for other reasons.